A near-infrared interferometric survey of debris disk stars I. Probing the hot dust content around Eridani and τ Ceti with CHARA/FLUOR

Context. The quest for hot dust in the central region of debris disks requires high resolution and high dynamic range imaging. Nearinfrared interferometry is a powerful means to directly detect faint emission from hot grains. Aims. We probed the first 3 AU around τCeti and Eridani with the CHARA array (Mt Wilson, USA) in order to gauge the 2 μm excess flux emanating from possible hot dust grains in the debris disks and to also resolve the stellar photospheres. Methods. High precision visibility amplitude measurements were performed with the FLUOR single mode fiber instrument and telescope pairs on baselines ranging from 22 to 241 m of projected length. The short baseline observations allow us to disentangle the contribution of an extended structure from the photospheric emission, while the long baselines constrain the stellar diameter. Results. We have detected a resolved emission around τ Cet, corresponding to a spatially integrated, fractional excess flux of 0.98 ± 0.21 × 10−2 with respect to the photospheric flux in the K′-band. Around Eri, our measurements can exclude a fractional excess of greater than 0.6× 10−2 (3σ). We interpret the photometric excess around τ Cet as a possible signature of hot grains in the inner debris disk and demonstrate that a faint, physical or background, companion can be safely excluded. In addition, we measured both stellar angular diameters with an unprecedented accuracy: ΘLD(τCet) = 2.015 ± 0.011 mas and ΘLD( Eri) = 2.126 ± 0.014 mas.